Alat Deteksi Denyut Jantung Tipe Fingertip dengan Sensor Non-invasif untuk Masyarakat Pedesaan (Studi Kasus Desa Raharja, Banjar, Jawa Barat)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.14.5.500-506.2025Keywords:
Accuracy, Arduino, Heart rate, SensorAbstract
Heart disease is one of the most lethal diseases in the world, including in Indonesia. This disease affects both urban and rural populations Lack of access to medical equipment particularly for heart rate detection, is the reason for developing a fingertip-type heart rate device using a cheap and convenient non-invasive sensor. This system consists of an infrared sensor equipped with an analog filter, an operational amplifier and Arduino Uno microcontroller for signal processing, and an LCD for displaying the heart rate. After calibration, this system was tested on 20 participants in Desa Raharja to validate its performance. In two phases of testing, the average accuracy obtained ranged from 3.28% to 8.08% in phase 1, and from 2.89% to 31.73% in phase 2. Most of the results have met the accuracy standards for heart rate detection equipment. The shortcomings of this research allow for further development in future studies.
References
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Pi, I., Pi, I., & Wu, W. (2021). External factors that affect the photoplethysmography waveforms. arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2108.05753
Qureshi, F., & Krishnan, S. (2018). Wearable hardware design for the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). Sensors, 18(11), 3812. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18113812
Rajagopalan, S., Al‑Kindi, S. G., & Brook, R. D. (2018). Air pollution and cardiovascular disease: JACC state‑of‑the‑art review. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 72(17), 2054–2070. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2018.07.099
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Tiksnadi, B. B. (2023). Comparison of cardiovascular disease related mortality and morbidity in urban and rural residential areas in Jatinangor Subdistrict, West Java, Indonesia: An epidemiological community study. Pakistan Heart Journal, 56(4), 268.
Wang, R., Blackburn, G., Desai, M., Phelan, D., Gillinov, M., Houghtaling, P., & Gillinov, (2017). Accuracy of wrist‑worn heart rate monitors. JAMA Cardiology, 2(1), 104–106. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2016.3340
Alkhoury, L., Choi, J.-W., Wang, C., Rajasekar, A., Acharya, S., Mahoney, S., Shender, B. S., Hrebien, L., & Kam, M. (2021). Heart rate tuned comb filters for processing photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals in pulse oximetry. Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing, 35(4), 797–813. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10877-020-00539-2
Arduino. (no date). analogReference. Arduino Documentation. https://www.arduino.cc/reference/tr/ language/functions/analog-io/analogreference (Diakses pada 29 Juli 2025, pukul 12:46 WIB)
Askarian, B., Jung, K., & Chong, J. W. (2019). Monitoring of heart rate from photoplethysmographic signals using a Samsung Galaxy Note8 in underwater environments. Sensors, 19(13), 2846. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19132846
Delavera, A., Siregar, K. N., Bahar, R. J., & Eryando, T. (2021). Hubungan kondisi psikologis stress dengan hipertensi pada penduduk usia ≥ 15 tahun di Indonesia. Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan, 1(3), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.7454/bikfokes.v1i3.1014
Di Cesare, M., McGhie, D. V., Perel, P., Mwangi, J., Taylor, S., Pervan, B., Kabudula, C., Narula, J., Bixby, H., Pineiro, D., Gaziano, T. A., & Pinto, F. J. (2024). The Heart of the World. Global Heart, 19(1), Article 11. https://doi.org/10.5334/gh.1288
Fazlalizadeh, H., Khan, M. S., Fox, E. R., Douglas, P. S., Adams, D., Blaha, M. J., Daubert, M. A., Dunn, G., van den Heuvel, E., Kelsey, M. D., Martin, R. P., Thomas, J. D., Thomas, Y., Judd, S. E., Vasan, R. S., Budoff, M. J., & Bloomfield, G. S. (2024). Closing the Last Mile Gap in Access to Multimodality Imaging in Rural Settings: Design of the Imaging Core of the Risk Underlying Rural Areas Longitudinal Study. Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging, 17(2), Article e015496. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.123.015496
Fine, J., Branan, K. L., Rodriguez, A. J., Boonya Ananta, T., Ajmal, (A.), Ramella Roman, J. C., McShane, M. J., & Coté, G. L. (2021). Sources of inaccuracy in photoplethysmography for continuous cardiovascular monitoring. Biosensors (Basel), 11(4), 126. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios11040126
Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network. (2020). Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019) disease and injury burden, 1990–2019. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation.
International Electrotechnical Commission. (2011). IEC 60601‑2‑27: Medical electrical equipment – Part 2‑27: Particular requirements for the basic safety and essential performance of electrocardiographic monitoring equipment (3rd ed., with Corrigendum 2012). International Electrotechnical Commission.
Jain, Naman., G, Priya., G, Ramya. (2015). Low Cost Heart Rate Monitoring Using Fingertips. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, Volume 10, Number 11, pp. 29641-29649
Jiang, K., Huang, C., Ye, S.-m., & Chen, H. (2012). High accuracy in automatic detection of atrial fibrillation for Holter monitoring. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B (Biomedicine & Biotechnology), 13(9), 751–756. https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1200107
Kamisalic, A., Fister, I., Turkanovic, M., & Karakatic, S. (2018). Sensors and functionalities of non invasive wrist wearable devices: A review. Sensors, 18(6), 1714. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18061714
Kapu, H., Seneviratne, U., & Mahony, K. (2017). Resting heart rate estimation using pyroelectric infrared (PIR) sensors. Biomedical Signal Processing and Control, 39, 38–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2017.03.003
Lee, J., Jang, D. H., Park, S., & Cho, S. H. (2018). A low power photoplethysmogram based heart rate sensor using heartbeat locked loop. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems, 12(6), 1220–1229. Article 8496849. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBCAS.2018.2876671
Liang, Q., Xu, L., Bao, N., Qi, L., Shi, J., Yang, Y., & Yao, Y. (2019). Research on non contact monitoring system for human physiological signal and body movement. Biosensors, 9(2), 58. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios9020058
Loro, F. L., Martins, R., Ferreira, J. B., de Araujo, C. L. P., Prade, L. R., Both, C. B., Nobre Nobre, J. C., Monteiro, M. B., & Dal Lago, P. (2024). Validation of a wearable sensor prototype for measuring heart rate to prescribe physical activity: Cross sectional exploratory study. JMIR Biomedical Engineering, 9, Article e57373. https://doi.org/10.2196/57373
Martínez, N., Bertran, M., Sapiro, G., & Wu, H.-T. (2019). Non contact photoplethysmogram and instantaneous heart rate estimation from infrared face video. arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1902.05194
Marzano-Felisatti, J. M., De Luca, L., Priego-Quesada, J. I., & Pino-Ortega, J., (2024). A Comparative Analysis Between Chest Straps and Armband. Applied Sciences, 14(24), 11872. MDPI.
Mensah, G. A., Fuster, V., Murray, C. J. L., Roth, G. A., & Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risks Collaborators. (2023). Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risks, 1990 2022. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 82(25), 2350–2473. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2023.11.007
Nasution, I. S., Rahmadani, A. D., Audina, W., Purnama Sari, D., & Deswita Sari, N. (2025). Systematic Review: Pengaruh gaya hidup dan pengetahuan masyarakat terhadap risiko penyakit jantung koroner. Sehat Rakyat: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 4(2), 287–298. https://doi.org/10.54259/sehatrakyat.v4i2.4337
Onagbiye, S. O., Guddemi, A., Baruwa, O. J., Alberti, F., Odone, A., Ricci, H., Gaeta, M., Schmid, D., & Ricci, C. (2024). Association of sedentary time with risk of cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular mortality: A systematic review and meta analysis of prospective cohort studies. Preventive Medicine, 179, Article 107812.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107812
Payette, J., Vaussenat, F., & Cloutier, S. G. (2024). Heart rate measurement using the built‑in triaxial accelerometer from a commercial digital writing device. Sensors, 24(7), 2238. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24072238
Pi, I., Pi, I., & Wu, W. (2021). External factors that affect the photoplethysmography waveforms. arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2108.05753
Qureshi, F., & Krishnan, S. (2018). Wearable hardware design for the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). Sensors, 18(11), 3812. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18113812
Rajagopalan, S., Al‑Kindi, S. G., & Brook, R. D. (2018). Air pollution and cardiovascular disease: JACC state‑of‑the‑art review. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 72(17), 2054–2070. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2018.07.099
Sartor, F., Gelissen, J., van Dinther, R., Roovers, D., Papini, G. B., & Coppola, G. (2018). Wrist worn optical and chest strap heart rate comparison in a heterogeneous sample of healthy individuals and in coronary artery disease patients. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 10, Article 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-018-0098-0
Tiksnadi, B. B. (2023). Comparison of cardiovascular disease related mortality and morbidity in urban and rural residential areas in Jatinangor Subdistrict, West Java, Indonesia: An epidemiological community study. Pakistan Heart Journal, 56(4), 268.
Wang, R., Blackburn, G., Desai, M., Phelan, D., Gillinov, M., Houghtaling, P., & Gillinov, (2017). Accuracy of wrist‑worn heart rate monitors. JAMA Cardiology, 2(1), 104–106. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2016.3340
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13-09-2025
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Maria Evita, Prihatini, J., Sawita, I. K. A. S., Kamal, M., & Aprianti, N. A. (2025). Alat Deteksi Denyut Jantung Tipe Fingertip dengan Sensor Non-invasif untuk Masyarakat Pedesaan (Studi Kasus Desa Raharja, Banjar, Jawa Barat). Jurnal Fisika Unand, 14(5), 500–506. https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.14.5.500-506.2025
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Copyright (c) 2025 Maria Evita, Jihan Prihatini, I Kadek Agus Sara Sawita, Muhammad Kamal, Nur Asiah Aprianti
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