Optimasi Sintesis Karbon Aktif dari Bambu Buluh (Schizostachyum brachycladum) dengan Variasi Suhu Karbonisasi untuk Penyerapan Besi pada Air Sumur Gambut
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.11.3.292-298.2022Keywords:
Karbon aktif, suhu karbonisasi, bambu, adsorpsiAbstract
Karbon aktif merupakan salah satu adsorben yang banyak digunakan sebagai material penjernihan air. Pada umumnya, karbon aktif dapat disintesis dari berbagai limbah biomassa yang tidak digunakan seperti bambu buluh (Schizosachyum brachycladum). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan suhu karbonisasi optimum sintesis karbon aktif yang dilihat dari penyerapan tertinggi kadar besi pada air sumur gambut. Artikel ini juga menjabarkan  hubungan antara suhu karbonisasi dan ukuran pori terhadap daya serap karbon aktif. Sintesis karbon aktif diawali dengan proses karbonisasi pada suhu 400, 450, 500, 550, dan 600°C (60 menit), kemudian dilanjutkan dengan proses aktivasi dengan mencampurkan bahan baku dengan larutan H3PO4 10% (24 jam) dilanjutkan pemanasan pada 900°C (60 menit). Ukuran pori dan morfologi permukaan karbon aktif digambarkan dengan menggunakan scanning electron microscope (SEM). Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, karbon aktif yang dikarbonisasi pada suhu 500°C memiliki daya serap dan ukuran pori optimal, dengan efektivitas serapan sebesar 73,03% dengan ukuran pori sebesar 40 µm. Semakin besar ukuran pori karbon aktif, maka kemampuannya menyerap Fe dalam air sampel semakin juga semakin besar Penggunaan suhu di atas 500°C dapat merusak dinding pori karbon aktif. Dengan demikian, sintesis karbon aktif dari bambu buluh akan optimal jika dilakukan karbonisasi pada suhu 500°C
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