Anomali Total Electron Content (TEC) di Ionosfer Sebagai Prekursor Gempa Bumi di Sumatra
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.10.1.96-103.2021Abstract
Anomali Total Electron Content melalui data sinyal radio frekuensi-ganda GPS dapat menunjukkan adanya perubahan aktivitas ionik di ionosfer yang dapat disebabkan oleh badai geomagnetik maupun peristiwa seismo-ionospheric coupling. Pantai barat Sumatera merupakan lokasi yang rawan akan bencana gempa bumi akibat batas dari zona subduksi. Penelitian beberapa gempa dalam kurun beberapa dekade terakhir di barat Sumatra menggunakan data SuGAr dan IGS telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui adanya prekursor gempa bumi melalui analisis anomali TEC. Terdapat lima gempa yang dianalisis dengan skala 5 hingga 9 SR dengan menggunakan teknik korelasi dan analisis spasial. Dari hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan diperoleh empat gempa yang menunjukkan anomali TEC yaitu gempa dengan magnitudo 6 hingga 9 SR dimana terdapat satu hari atau dua hari anomali TEC yang dianggap sebagai prekursor gempa bumi.
Total Electron Content anomalies from dual-frequency GPS radio signals can shown the change of ionic activity on ionosphere that caused by geomagnetic storm or seismo-ionospheric coupling. The East coast of Sumatera is a very vulnerable location of earthquakes because it adjust with subduction zone. Research on some earthquake in last decade on the east part of Sumatera has been identified use SuGAr and IGS data to determine the earthquake precursors from TEC anomaly analysis. Five earthquakes were analyzed on a scale of 5 to 9 SR using correlation techniques and spatial analysis. From the analysis results that have been carried out, it was found that four earthquakes showed TEC anomalies, namely earthquakes with a magnitude of 6 to 9 SR where there were one day or two days of TEC anomalies which were considered as earthquake precursors.
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