Pemetaan Tingkat Radioaktivitas Lingkungan pada Tanah di Kota Padang
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.9.2.190-195.2020Abstract
Telah dilakukan pemetaan tingkat radioaktivitas lingkungan pada tanah di Kota Padang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas spesifik dari radionuklida alam Ra-226, Th-232, K-40 dan radionuklida buatan Cs-137 yang terdapat pada tanah di Kota Padang, kemudian ditinjau berdasarkan PERKA BAPETEN No. 9 tahun 2009. Sampel tanah dikumpulkan dari 20 lokasi pada kedalaman 0-5 cm. Aktivitas spesifik sampel tanah diukur menggunakan seperangkat spektrometer gamma selama 17 jam. Peta tingkat radioaktivitas dibuat menggunakan aplikasi MapInfo 10.5. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan aktivitas spesifik tertinggi terdapat pada radionuklida K-40 berkisar antara 38,04 ± 22,86 sampai 1042,08 ± 76 Bq/kg, dan terendah pada radionuklida Cs-137 berkisar antara 0 sampai 1,66 ± 0,15 Bq/kg. Aktivitas spesifik Ra-226 berkisar antara 4,05 ± 0,29 sampai 53,44 ± 2,91 Bq/kg dan Th-232 berkisar antara 6,33 ± 0,45 sampai 109,39 ± 5,75 Bq/kg. Berdasarkan PERKA BAPETEN No. 9 tahun 2009, aktivitas spesifik radionuklida yang terdapat di dalam sampel tanah Kota Padang masih berada di bawah ambang batas yang diperbolehkan yaitu untuk Ra-226 dan Th-232 adalah 1000 Bq/kg dan untuk K-40 adalah 10000 Bq/kg. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat radioaktivitas pada tanah di Kota Padang masih dalam batas aman dan belum menimbulkan bahaya kesehatan terhadap masyarakat yang tinggal di daerah tersebut.
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Measurement the level of environmental radioactivity of soil samples in Padang City has been done. The purpose of this research is to determine the specific activity of natural radionuclide such as Ra-226, Th-232, K-40 and anthropogenic radionuclide such as Cs-137 contained in soil samples of Padang City, then compared it with PERKA BAPETEN No 9/2009. The soil samples were collected from 20 locations with depth of 0-5 cm. Specific activity of soil samples was measured using gamma spectrometer for 17 hours. Map of radioactivity level were made using MapInfo 10.5 application. The highest specific activity was found in K-40 ranged from 38.04 ± 22.86 Bq/kg to 1042.08 ± 76 Bq/kg, and the lowest in Cs-137 ranged from 0 to 1.66 ± 0.15 Bq/kg. the specific radioactivity of Ra-226 ranged from 4.05 ± 0.29 to 53.44 ± 2.91 Bq/kg and Th-232 ranged from 6.33 ± 0.45 to 109.39 ± 5.75 Bq/kg.  Based on the head of BAPETEN regulation No 9/2009, the specific activity of radionuclide in soil from Padang City is currently below the limit which are 1000 Bq/kg for Ra-226 and Th-232 and 10000 Bq/kg for K-40. It can be concluded that the level of radioactivity of soil in Padang City is still in safe limit and has not caused health hazard to people living in the area.
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Copyright (c) 2020 Yola Despriani, Dian Milvita, Kusdiana Kusdiana, Radhia Pradana
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