Struktur Vertikal Distribusi Butiran Hujan di Kototabang Berdasarkan Pengamatan Micro Rain Radar (MRR)

Authors

  • Indah Rahayu Jurusan Fisika, FMIPA, Universitas Andalas
  • Marzuki Marzuki Jurusan Fisika, FMIPA, Universitas Andalas
  • Hiroyuki Hashiguchi RISH Universitas Kyoto
  • Toyoshi Shimomai Interdisciplinary Faculty of Science and Engineering

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.5.4.287-296.2016

Abstract

Distribusi ukuran butiran hujan atau raindrop size distribution (RDSD) arah vertikal dari ketinggian 0,15 km hingga 4,65 km di Kototabang, Sumatera Barat, telah diteliti melalui pengamatan Micro Rain Radar (MRR) selama Januari-Desember 2012. Intensitas curah hujan (rainfall rate) dari Optical Rain Gauge (ORG) dan RDSD dari Parsivel digunakan untuk menguji kinerja MRR. Pengujian memperlihatkan bahwa MRR berfungsi dengan baik dimana intensitas curah hujan dari ORG berkorelasi dengan baik dengan MRR (r = 0,98) dan RDSD dari MRR secara umum juga memperlihatkan pola dan nilai yang sama dengan yang didapatkan Parsivel.  Selanjutnya, RDSD dari MRR dimodelkan dengan distribusi gamma dan parameternya didapatkan menggunakan metode momen.  Terlihat bahwa pertumbuhan RDSD di Kototabang dari ketinggian 4,65 km hingga 0,15 km sangat kuat yang kemungkinan disebabkan oleh proses tumbukan-penggabungan.  Hal ini ditandai dengan peningkatan konsentrasi butiran berukuran besar dengan penurunan ketinggian.  Peningkatan konsentrasi butiran hujan berukuran besar terhadap penurunan ketinggian berpengaruh kepada parameter-parameter hujan seperti radar reflectivity (Z) dan rainfall rate (R) yang menyebabkan peningkatan koefisien A (Z= ARb) terhadap penurunan ketinggian.  Dengan demikian, penggunaan persamaan Z-R yang konstan untuk setiap ketinggian bagi radar meteorologi di kawasan tropis khususnya Sumatera Barat tidak  tepat.

Kata kunci: raindrop size distribution, MRR, Kototabang, distribusi gamma.

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Published

2016-10-04

How to Cite

Rahayu, I., Marzuki, M., Hashiguchi, H., & Shimomai, T. (2016). Struktur Vertikal Distribusi Butiran Hujan di Kototabang Berdasarkan Pengamatan Micro Rain Radar (MRR). Jurnal Fisika Unand, 5(4), 287–296. https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.5.4.287-296.2016

Issue

Vol. 5 No. 4 (2016)

Section

Articles

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Copyright (c) 2016 Indah Rahayu, Marzuki Marzuki, Hiroyuki Hashiguchi, Toyoshi Shimomai

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