PENGARUH TEMPERATUR HIDROTERMAL TERHADAP KONDUKTIVITAS LISTRIK ZEOLIT SINTETIS DARI ABU DASAR BATUBARA DENGAN METODE ALKALI HIDROTERMAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.4.4.%25p.2015Abstract
ABSTRAK
Telah dilakukan sintesis zeolit berbahan abu dasar batubara dan NaOH sebagai aktivator dengan perbandingan 1 : 1,2 g. Sebelum disintesis, abu dasar batubara diuji menggunakan XRF untuk mengetahui senyawa yang terkandung dalam abu dasar. Sebagai media kristalisasi dalam proses pembentukan kristal zeolit, digunakan air laut melalui proses alkali hidrotermal. Proses alkali hidrotermal dilakukan menggunakan teflon autoclave yang dipanaskan di dalam oven pada variasi temperatur 60 ºC, 80 ºC, 100 ºC, 160 ºC dan 180 ºC selama 6 jam. Zeolit sintetis yang didapatkan kemudian dikarakterisasi menggunakan XRD dan SEM-EDS serta penentuan konduktivitas listrik menggunakan LCR-meter. Hasil pola XRD menunjukkan bahwa sampel mengandung zeolit A, zeolit Na-X, zeolit Na-P, sodalit, kuarsa, hidroksisodalit dan vermikulit. Hasil SEM-EDS memperlihatkan pengaruh perbedaan temperatur proses hidrotermal terhadap permukaan zeolit yang dihasilkan. Zeolit dengan kemurnian yang baik didapatkan pada sampel yang terbentuk pada temperatur 180 ºC dengan tidak ada lagi kuarsa dan hidroksisodalit. Pengukuran konduktivitas listrik menunjukkan bahwa konduktivitas yang dihasilkan berada dalam rentang bahan semikonduktor. Nilai dengan konduktivitas listrik tertinggi terdapat pada sampel yang terbentuk pada proses hidrotermal temperatur 180 ºC yaitu 2,76769 x 10-6 - 12,22794 x 10-6 S/cm.
Kata kunci : zeolit, sintesis, kristalisasi,hidrotermal, konduktivitas, semikonduktor, temperatur
Abstract
The synthesis of zeolite from bottom ash and NaOH as an activator with ratio of 1 : 1,2 g has been conducted. Before synthesized, bottom ash was tested by using XRF. As a medium for the crystallization, sea water used on the alkaline hydrothermal process. Alkaline hydrothermal process carried out using a teflon autoclave heated in an oven with variation temperature of 60 ºC, 80 ºC, 100 ºC, 160 ºC and 180 ºC for 6 hours. Synthetic zeolites tested by using XRD and SEM-EDS and LCR-meter model for electrical conductivity measurement. XRD patterns show that the samples contain zeolite A, zeolite Na-X, zeolite Na-P, sodalite, quarzt, hydroxysodalite, and vermicullite. The SEM-EDS showed influence of hydrothermal temperature on zeolite surface. Synthetic zeolite with good purity obtained on samples of hydrothermal temperature process of 180 ºC with no quarzt and hydroxysodalite content. Measurement of electrical conductivity show, that the conductivity samples obtained are in the range semiconductor. The highest electrical conductivity is about 2.76769 x 10-6 – 12.22794 x 10-6 S/cm is found in the samples with hydrothermal temperature process of 180 ºC.
Keywords : zeolite, crystallization, hydrothermal, conductivity, semiconductor, temperature
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