PENGAMATAN ANOMALI TEMPERATUR DAN AWAN GEMPA YANG MENGIRINGI GEMPA ACEH 2004 DAN GEMPA SUMATERA BARAT 2007

Authors

  • Muchtia Rahma Jurusan Fisika Universitas Andalas
  • Marzuki - Jurusan Fisika Universitas Andalas

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.4.3.%25p.2015

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Anomali temperatur dan awan gempa yang mengiringi gempa bumi yang terjadi di  Aceh pada tanggal 26 Desember 2004 dan di Sumatera Barat pada tanggal 6 Maret 2007 telah diteliti menggunakan data temperatur tanah dan permukaan air laut  dari Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) dan data awan dari Multi-functional Transport Satellite (MTSAT). Data temperatur udara dari National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) dan National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) juga digunakan untuk memastikan bahwa anomali temperatur tersebut bukan disebabkan oleh aktivitas cuaca. Anomali temperatur diamati selama 5 tahun sebelum terjadinya gempa dan awan gempa diamati menggunakan data selama 3 bulan sebelum gempa.Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa kenaikan temperatur permukaan air laut dan tanah baik untuk gempa Aceh maupun gempa Sumatera Barat terjadi setelah gempa. Nilai anomali temperatur pada gempa Aceh masih lebih rendah dari batas nilai sebagai prekursor gempa bumi (< 2 K). Untuk gempa Sumatera Barat, nilai anomali temperatur berada dalam batas nilai sebagai prekursor gempa bumi (> 2 K), tetapi anomali temperatur tersebut terjadi hampir setiap tahun. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa anomali temperatur yang terjadi bukan disebabkan oleh aktivitas seismik, melainkan sebuah siklus tahunan. Untuk kasus awan gempa, pada kedua gempa tidak ditemukan adanya kemunculan awan gempa sebelum gempa terjadi. Namun, pada gempa Aceh terlihat pola awan yang agak mirip dengan awan gempa, tetapi setelah diamati lebih detil awan ini merupakan sisa dari awan konvektif yang terjadi sebelumnya.

Kata kunci : anomali temperatur, awan gempa, gempa Aceh 2004, gempa Sumatera Barat 2007

Abstract

Temperature anomaly and earthquake cloud associated with the Aceh earthquake occurred on December 26, 2004 and the West Sumatra earthquake occurred on March 6, 2007 had been studied by using the land and the sea surface temperature data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite and cloud propagation data fromMulti-functional Transport Satellite (MTSAT). The atmosphere temperature from National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) reanalysis data were also used to confirm that temperature anomaly was not caused by a weather activity. The data during 5 years and 3 months, for temperature and cloud respectively, before the earthquake were analyzed.  The results showed that the increases of land and sea surface temperatures for the two earthquakes occurred after the earthquake. The value of temperature anomaly for Aceh earthquake were still lower than the limit value for the earthquake precursor (< 2 K). For the West Sumatra earthquake, the value of temperature anomaly was in the limit value for the earthquake precursor (> 2 K). However, this characteristic was also observed in other periods not only during the year of the earthquake. It indicated that such temperature anomaly was not due to the seismic activity. The results also showed that the earthquake cloud was not observed before the two earthquakes.  Before the Aceh earthquake, an earthquake cloud-like was observed. However, more detailed investigation on this cloud showed that this cloud was a residual of convective cloud that occurred before.

Keywords: temperature anomaly, earthquake cloud, Aceh earthquake 2004, West Sumatra earthquake 2007

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Published

2024-10-26

How to Cite

Rahma, M., & -, M. (2024). PENGAMATAN ANOMALI TEMPERATUR DAN AWAN GEMPA YANG MENGIRINGI GEMPA ACEH 2004 DAN GEMPA SUMATERA BARAT 2007. Jurnal Fisika Unand, 4(3). https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.4.3.%p.2015

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 3: Juli 2015

Section

Articles

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Copyright (c) 2024 Muchtia Rahma, Marzuki -

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