PEMBUATAN ELEKTRODA KAPASITOR KARBON BERPORI DARI TEMPURUNG KEMIRI (Aleurites moluccana) SEBAGAI SISTEM CAPACITIVE DEIONIZATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.4.2.%25p.2015Abstract
ABSTRAK
Karbon aktif dibuat dari tempurung kemiri (Aleurites moluccana) menggunakan H3PO4 2,5% sebagai aktivator dengan suhu aktivasi 300, 400, 500, dan 600 ºC. Luas permukaan spesifik karbon yang dihasilkan masing-masing adalah 16,514; 6,582; 95,623; dan 391,567 m2/g. Daya elektrosorpsi meningkat dengan bertambahnya suhu aktivasi karena meningkatnya luas permukaan aktif. Karbon dengan suhu aktivasi 600 ºC digunakan sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan elektroda kapasitor untuk sistem capacitive deionization (CDI) menggunakan polimer polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) sebagai pengikat. Data voltammogram siklik digunakan untuk menentukan besar kapasitansi spesifik elektroda kapasitor yang dibuat dari karbon dengan suhu aktivasi 300 ºC dan 600 ºC. Besar kapasitansi spesifik berturut-turut adalah 81,19 mF/g dan 50,21 mF/g. Sifat kapasitor diamati menggunakan osiloskop dengan memberikan tegangan input berupa sinyal persegi periodik 1,5 V dan dihasilkan tegangan output untuk elektroda dengan suhu aktivasi karbon 300 ºC dan 600 ºC masing-masing adalah 0,2 V dan 0,6 V dengan pola pengisian dan pengosongan kapasitor.
Kata kunci :
karbon aktif, capacitive deionization, elektroda kapasitor, tempurung kemiri, H3PO4
Abstract
Activated carbon was made from candlenut shell (Aleurites moluccana) by using H3PO4 2.5% as activating agent. All samples were heated at the temperatures of 300, 400, 500, and 600 ºC. The results show that activated carbon has specific surface area 16.514; 6.582; 95.623; and 391.567 m2/g respectively. The higher the activation temperature, the higher the power of adsorption capacity since the surface area increases. Electrode capacitor for capacitive deionization (CDI) system was fabricated by using activated carbon that was heated at activation temperature of 600 ºC with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the binder. From cyclic voltammogram of electrode, specific capacitance of CDI electrode by using carbon that was heated at the temperatures of 300 ºC and 600 ºC are 81.19 mF/g and 50.21 mF/g respectively. Characteristics charge and discharge of capacitor was obtained by using oscilloscope. The signal input is square wave 1.5 V and output signal for carbon that was heated at temperatures of 300 ºC and 600 ºC are sinusoidal wave 0.2 V and 0.6 V.
Keywords :
activated carbon, capacitive deionization, capacitor electrode, candlenut shell,H3PO4
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