Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Elektrolit H2SO4, KOH, dan Na2SO4 terhadap Kinerja Elektrokimia Superkapasitor berbasis Biomassa Kulit Kakao
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.13.5.610-616.2024Keywords:
Biomass, Electrolite, Specific Capacitance, Cacao Husk, supercapacitorsAbstract
Utilization of cocoa pod waste (Theobroma cacao) as a supercapacitor carbon electrode through electrolyte optimisation was successfully conducted with 0.5M KOH chemical activator. Carbon production starts with slicing cocoa pods, sun drying, pre-carbonisation, crushing of carbon particles with mortar and ball milling, and particle size uniformity using a sieve. The obtained particle powder was chemically activated with 0.5M KOH, coin-molded into of carbon monolith and finished with integrated pyrolysis. Samples were subjected to one-stage integrated pyrolysis by carbonisation from room temperature to 600˚ C in an N2 gas environment, followed by physical activation to 700˚ C in a CO2 gas environment. Testing the electrochemical properties of carbon electrodes based on different types of electrolytes (H2SO4, KOH, and Na2SO4) IM using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge discharge (GCD) methods. The sample provided with H2SO4 electrolyte was confirmed to have the highest specific capacitance of 412.94 F/g at a current of 1 A/g. Based on the results of this study, it is confirmed that cocoa pods have the potential to be a source of electrode base material with H2SO4 electrolyte solution as a source of charge carrier in supercapacitor cell devices.
References
Afza, V. Y. Y., Muldarisnur, M., & Yetri, Y. (2021). Analisis Pengaruh Konsentrasi Elektrolit NaCl terhadap Karakteristik Karbon Aktif dari Kulit Buah Kakao. Jurnal Fisika Unand, 10(4), 486–492. https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.10.4.486-492.2021
Armynah, B., Taer, E., Djafar, Z., Piarah, W. H., & Tahir, D. (2019). Effect of Temperature on Physical and Electrochemical Properties of the Monolithic Carbon-Based Bamboo Leaf to Enhanced Surface Area and Specific Capacitance of the Supercapacitor. International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 14(8), 7076–7087. https://doi.org/10.20964/2019.08.59
Azevedo, D. C. S., Araújo, J. C. S., Bastos-Neto, M., Torres, A. E. B., Jaguaribe, E. F., & Cavalcante, C. L. (2007). Microporous activated carbon prepared from coconut shells using chemical activation with zinc chloride. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 100(1–3), 361–364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2006.11.024
Khajonrit, J., Sichumsaeng, T., Kalawa, O., Chaisit, S., Chinnakorn, A., Chanlek, N., & Maensiri, S. (2022). Mangosteen peel-derived activated carbon for supercapacitors. Progress in Natural Science: Materials International, 32(5), 570–578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnsc.2022.09.004
Loppies, J. E. (2016). Karakteristik Arang Kulit Buah Kakao yang Dihasilkan dari Berbagai Kondisi Pirolisis The Characteristics of Cocoa Pod Husk Charcoal Produced in Various Pyrolysis Conditions. Jurnal Industri Hasil Perkebunan V, 11(2), 105–111.
Miller, J. R., & Burke, A. F. (2008). Electrochemical capacitors: Challenges and opportunities for real-world applications. Electrochemical Society Interface, 17(1), 53–57. https://doi.org/10.1149/2.f08081if
Nuradi, R. F., Muldarisnur, M., & Yetri, Y. (2022). Synthesis of Supercapacitor from Cocoa Fruit Peel Activated Carbon for Energy Storage. Jurnal Ilmu Fisika | Universitas Andalas, 14(2), 86–94. https://doi.org/10.25077/jif.14.2.86-94.2022
Pari, G., Darmawan, S., & Prihandoko, B. (2014). Porous Carbon Spheres from Hydrothermal Carbonization and KOH Activation on Cassava and Tapioca Flour Raw Material. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 20, 342–351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2014.03.043
Rahmi, F., Muldarisnur, M., & Yetri, Y. (2021). Variasi Konsentrasi Elektrolit H2SO4 untuk Pembuatan Karbon Aktif Kulit Buah Kakao sebagai Elektroda Superkapasitor dengan Aktivator ZnCl2. Jurnal Fisika Unand, 10(4), 467–472. https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.10.4.467-472.2021
Simon, P., & Gogotsi, Y. (2010). Charge storage mechanism in nanoporous carbons and its consequence for electrical double layer capacitors. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 368(1923), 3457–3467. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2010.0109
Taer, E., Febriyanti, F., Mustika, W. S., Taslim, R., Agustino, A., & Apriwandi, A. (2021). Enhancing the performance of supercapacitor electrode from chemical activation of carbon nanofibers derived Areca catechu husk via one-stage integrated pyrolysis. Carbon Letters, 31(4), 601–612. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42823-020-00191-5
Yetri, Y., Hoang, A. T. M., Dahlan, D., Muldarisnur, Taer, E., & Chau, M. Q. (2020). Synthesis of activated carbon monolith derived from cocoa pods for supercapacitor electrodes application. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects, 00(00), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2020.1811433
Yetri, Y., Mursida, Dahlan, D., Taer, E., Agustino, & Muldarisnur. (2020). Identification of cacao peels potential as a basic of electrodes environmental friendly supercapacitors. Key Engineering Materials, 846 KEM, 274–281. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.846.274
Ying, Z., Zhang, Y., Lin, X., Hui, S., Wang, Y., Yang, Y., & Li, Y. (2020). A biomass-derived super-flexible hierarchically porous carbon film electrode prepared: Via environment-friendly ice-microcrystal pore-forming for supercapacitors. Chemical Communications, 56(73), 10730–10733. https://doi.org/10.1039/d0cc04436a
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Exaudi Pratama Rajagukguk, Widi Mulia Nasution, Mulda Muldarisnur, Yuli Yetri
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Please find the rights and licenses in JFU (Jurnal Fisika Unand).
1. License
The non-commercial use of the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution license as currently displayed on Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
2. Authors Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by stated author(s), has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author(s).
3. User Rights
JFU's spirit is to disseminate articles published are as free as possible. Under the Creative Commons license, JFU permits users to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work for non-commercial purposes only. Users will also need to attribute authors and JFU on distributing works in the journal.
4. Rights of Authors
Authors retain the following rights:
- Copyright, and other proprietary rights relating to the article, such as patent rights,
- The right to use the substance of the article in future own works, including lectures and books,
- The right to reproduce the article for own purposes, provided the copies are not offered for sale,
- The right to self-archive the article.
5. Co-Authorship
If the article was jointly prepared by other authors, the signatory of this form warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to sign this agreement on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this agreement.
6. Termination
This agreement can be terminated by the author or JFU upon two months notice where the other party has materially breached this agreement and failed to remedy such breach within a month of being given the terminating partys notice requesting such breach to be remedied. No breach or violation of this agreement will cause this agreement or any license granted in it to terminate automatically or affect the definition of JFU.
7. Royalties
This agreement entitles the author to no royalties or other fees. To such extent as legally permissible, the author waives his or her right to collect royalties relative to the article in respect of any use of the article by JFU or its sublicensee.
8. Miscellaneous
JFU will publish the article (or have it published) in the journal if the articles editorial process is successfully completed and JFU or its sublicensee has become obligated to have the article published. JFU may conform the article to a style of punctuation, spelling, capitalization, referencing and usage that it deems appropriate. The author acknowledges that the article may be published so that it will be publicly accessible and such access will be free of charge for the readers.
