PENGARUH BADAI TROPIS HAIYAN TERHADAP POLA HUJAN DI INDONESIA

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini menganalisis dampak tidak langsung badai tropis Haiyan (4 – 11 November) terhadap pola curah hujan di Indonesia dengan menggunakan data temperatur, kelembaban relatif (RH), dan pergerakan udara vertikal (omega) dari National Centers for Environmental Prediction and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP-NCAR) Reanalysis, data curah hujan dari satelit Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), dan radiasi gelombang panjang (Outgoing Longwave Radiation, OLR) dari National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa badai tropis Haiyan mempengaruhi sebagian wilayah Indonesia, terutama Papua. Kondisi meteorologis dan awan memperlihatkan bahwa hujan di daerah Papua selama periode 4 – 11 November dipengaruhi oleh badai tropis Haiyan dimana puncak total curah hujan teramati selama badai dan menunjukkan penurunan sebelum dan sesudahnya. Untuk kawasan Indonesia bagian barat seperti Jawa dan Sumatera, pengaruh badai terhadap total curah hujannya tidak teramati dengan jelas. Oleh karena itu peningkatan curah hujan selama periode 4 – 11 November untuk kawasan ini bukan disebabkan oleh badai tropis Haiyan tetapi kemungkinan disebabkan oleh faktor lain seperti monsun, Madden – Julian Oscillation dan fenomena lokal.

Kata kunci : Haiyan, TRMM, BMKG, hujan.

Abstract

In this work the indirect impact of tropical storm Haiyan (November 4 to 11) on the Indonesian rainfall pattern was investigated by using the temperature, relative humidity, and vertical velocity data of National Centers for Environmental Prediction and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP-NCAR) Reanalysis, ranfall data from Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite, and outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). It was found that tropical storm Haiyan partially influenced the Indonesian rainfall pattern particularly around Papua in which the peak of rainfall was observed during the mature stage of the storm. For the western region of Indonesia such as Java and Sumatra, the influence of the storm on the total rainfall was not observed clearly. Therefore, an increase in rainfall during November 4 - 11 for such regions was not caused by the tropical storm but may be caused by other factors such as the monsoon, the Madden-Julian Oscillation and local phenomenon.

Keywords : Haiyan, TRMM, BMKG, Indonesia rainfall.