MATERIAL AKUSTIK SERAT PELEPAH PISANG (MUSA ACUMINAX BALBASIANA CALLA) SEBAGAI PENGENDALI POLUSI BUNYI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.4.1.%25p.2015Abstract
ABSTRAK
Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai penyerapan gelombang bunyi oleh peredam suaraberbahan dasar material penyusun serat pelepah pisang dan lem PVAc menggunakan tabung impedansi. Material uji dibuat dengan komposisi matriks:fiber yang berbeda yaitu sampel 1 dengan komposisi 65%:35%, sampel 2 dengan komposisi 67,5%:32,5%, sampel 3 dengan komposisi 70%:30%, sampel 4 dengan komposisi 72,5%:27,5%, dan sampel 5 dengan kompisisi 75%:25%. Massa total serat pelepah pisang dengan lem PVAc adalah 50 gr. Range frekuensi yang digunakan adalah 500 Hz, 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz, 4000 Hz, 8000 Hz. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa serat pelepah pisang memenuhi persyaratan untuk peredam suara menurut doelle (1993) yaitu 0,30. Kecuali pada sampel 5 pada frekuensi 2000 penyerapan hanya bernilai 0,21 hal ini karena komposisi pada sampel 5 tidak ideal dimana matriks lebih banyak dari serat yang menyebabkan bunyi tidak diserap dengan baik. Nilai impedansi akustik berkisar antara 0,4497 : 0,9562. Sedangkan nilai densitas dipengaruhi oleh massa dan ketebalan.
Kata kunci:Serat, lem PVAc, frekuensi, matriks, impedansi akustik, densitas.
Abstract
 The research on absorption of sound waves by a silencer made from banana fiber constituent materials and glues PVAC has been conducted by using impedance tube. Material tests were made with different matrix-fibers compositions, namely sample 1 with composition of 65% :35%, sample 2 with composition of 67.5%:32.5%, sample 3 with composition of 70% :30%, sample 4 with composition of 72.5%:27.5%, and sample 5 with composition of 75% :25%. Total mass of banana fiber with glue PVAc is 50 gr. Frequency range is 500 Hz, 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz, 4000 Hz, 8000 Hz. The results showed that the banana fiber meets the requirements for silencers which is according to doelle (1993) is 0.30. Except for the sample 5, at Frequency 2000 Hz the absorption only 0.21 because the composition of sample 5 is not ideal where composition of matrix is more than fibers that cause the sound is not absorbed properly. Acoustic impedance values ranged from 0.4497 : 0.9562. While the value is affected by the mass density and thickness.
Keywords:fiber, PVAc, frequency, matrix, acoustic impedance, density
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