SINTESIS KOMPOSIT PAni/KARBON DARI TEMPURUNG KEMIRI (Aleurites moluccana) SEBAGAI ELEKTRODA KAPASITOR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.4.1.%25p.2015Abstract
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh suhu aktivasi karbon dan mengkarakterisasi sifat listrik serta struktur pori komposit PAni/karbon berbasis tempurung kemiri yang akan digunakan sebagai elektroda kapasitor. Karbon aktif disintesis menggunakan metode aktivasi kimia dengan variasi suhu aktivasi yaitu 300 0C, 400 0C, 500 0C dan 600 0C. Polianilin (PAni) disintesis dengan metode polimerisasi oksidasi kimia. Pengukuran konduktivitas dan kapasitansi komposit PAni/karbon menggunakan LCR meter. Membran PVA (Polyvinyl Alcohol) dipakai sebagai bahan dielektrik pada pengukuran kapasitansi. Ukuran pori karbon aktif ditentukan dari hasil foto SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). Ditinjau dari hasil SEM pada perbesaran 10.000 x, karbon aktif pada suhu aktivasi tertinggi (600 0C) memiliki pori yang lebih banyak dan lebih dalam, dengan ukuran pori terkecil 0,19 μm dan ukuran pori terbesar 4,72 μm. Konduktivitas listrik komposit PAni/karbon semakin besar seiring dengan meningkatnya suhu aktivasi karbon dengan nilai tertinggi 5,7 x 10-3 S/m. Nilai kapasitansi tertinggi pada sampel yaitu 10,52 μF.
Kata kunci: tempurung kemiri, PAni/karbon, konduktivitas, kapasitansi kapasitor
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of activation temperature of carbon and to characterize the electrical properties and the pore structure of PAni/carbon composite based on candlenut shell as a capacitor electrodes. Synthesis of activated carbon by using a chemical activation method with varies temperature about 300 0C, 400 0C, 500 0C and 600 0C. The polyanilines (PAni) were synthesized by using chemical oxidation polymerization method. Conductivity and capacitance of PAni/carbon composite was analyzed by using LCR meter and pore size by using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). By reviewing from the results of SEM at  10.000 x magnification, activated carbon with highest activation temperature (600 0C) have more and deeper pores with the smallest pore size is 0.19 μm and 4.72 μm for the largest pore size. The electrical conductivity of PAni/carbon composite is greater with increasing of activation temperature of carbon with the highest value is 5.7 x 10-3 S/m. In Measurement of capacitor capacitance, dielectric material is PVA membrane (Polyvinyl Alcohol). The highest capacitance of the samples is 10.52 μF.
Keywords: candlenut shell, PAni/carbon, conductivity, capacitors capacitanceÂ
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