ESTIMASI PENCEMARAN AIR SUMUR YANG DISEBABKAN OLEH INTRUSI AIR LAUT DI DAERAH PANTAI TIRAM, KECAMATAN ULAKAN TAPAKIS, KABUPATEN PADANG PARIAMAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.3.4.235-241.2014Abstract
ABSTRAK
Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pencemaran air laut yang diakibatkan oleh intrusi air laut di Pantai Tiram, Kecamatan Ulakan Tapakis, Kabupaten Padang Pariaman dengan menggunakan konduktivitas dan TDS (total dissolved solid). Nilai konduktivitas yang didapatkan dari 25 sumur berkisar antara 48,46 sampai 181,86 μmhos/cm dan berdasarkan keputusan Panitia Add Hoc Intrusi Air Asin (PAHIAA) pada tahun 1986, nilai konduktivitas ini termasuk ke dalam kategori air tawar. Daerah penelitian dibagi menjadi 3 wilayah berdasarkan jaraknya dari tepi pantai. Dengan menggunakan surfer 9, dapat dilihat bahwa nilai konduktivitas dari sumur semakin kecil jika jarak dari pantai semakin jauh. Hasil dari pengujian TDS, terdapat 3 nilai yang melebihi standar air tawar menurut PAHIAA, yaitu sample 1 (6766 mg/L), sample 2 (4200 mg/L) dan sample 5 (2500 mg/L). Rata-rata TDS di zona 1 termasuk ke dalam kategori agak payau, sedangkan rata-rata nilai TDS dari zona 2 dan 3 termasuk dalam kategori air tawar. Perbedaan nilai TDS di daerah yang dekat dengan pantai dengan yang jauh dari pantai disebabkan oleh material penyusun tanah di daerah penelitian yang terdiri dari lanau, pasir dan kerikil. Lanau akan mengisi pori-pori pada pasir dan kerikil sehingga nilai permeabilitasnya menjadi kecil, dan mengurangi intrusi air laut pada daerah yang semakin jauh dari pantai.
Kata kunci : pencemaran, salinitas, konduktivitas, TDS (Total Dissolved Solid)
Abstract
The level of sea water contamination on groundwater in Tiram Beach has been determined through the conductivity and TDS (Total Dissolved Solid) observation. The conductivity obtained on 25 wells ranges between 48.46 and 181.86 μmhos/cm and according to the decision of the Ad Hoc Committee of the Salt Water Intrusion in 1986, such values are belong to the category of fresh water. The research area is devined into three zones, according to its distance from shore. By appling the surfer 9 software, the distribution of conductivity tend to decrease on sites that is located further to the land. The result of TDS test shows that 3 samples have TDS exceeding quality standar issued by Ad Hoc Committee of the Salt Water Intrusion, that are sample 1 (6766 mg/L), sample 2 ( 4200 mg/L) and sample 5 (2500 mg/L). Average TDS on zone 1 is classified as slightly saline, while zone 2 and zone 3 are classified as fresh water. This difference is caused by the materials are formed by sand, gravel and silt. Silt will fill out the pore out the pore of gravel and sand, so that it reduced its permeability, and sea intrusion to the wells away from shore will be blocked gradually.
Keywords : contamination, salinity, conductivity, TDS (Total Dissolved Solid)
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