IDENTIFIKASI SEBARAN LOGAM BERAT PADA TANAH LAPISAN ATAS DAN HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN SUSEPTIBILITAS MAGNETIK DI BEBERAPA RUAS JALAN DISEKITAR PELABUHAN TELUK BAYUR PADANG
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.3.4.198-204.2014Abstract
ABSTRAK
Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk menentukan kandungan logam berat dan suseptibilitas magnetik serta hubungan keduannya pada tanah lapisan atas di tiga ruas jalan menuju Pelabuhan Teluk Bayur Padang. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2013 di Jalan Sutan Syahrir, Jalan By Pass dan Jalan Bungus. Sampel yang diambil berupa tanah bagian atas pada kedalaman 10 cm sebanyak lebih kurang 50 g pada tiap-tiap titik lokasi pengambilan. Sampel diambil mulai dari Pelabuhan Teluk Bayur Padang kemudian menyebar ke tiga ruas jalan dengan rentang masing-masing 5 km dengan jarak antar sampel 0,5 km. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai suseptibilitas magnetik tanah lapisan atas di lokasi penelitian berkisar antara 878,9 sampai dengan 6694,2 x 10-5 m3kg-1 dengan rata-rata keseluruhan sebesar 3415,9 x 10-5 m3kg-1. Nilai suseptibilitas yang lebih dari 1000 x 10-5 m3kg-1 termasuk kategori pencemar tinggi. Hal ini dapat juga dilihat dari konsentrasi logam berat (Pb, Cu, Cd) dimana nilainya di atas nilai baku mutu, sedangkan konsentrasi Zn adalah 6,8 ppm yang masih di bawah nilai baku mutu yaitu 50 ppm. Konsentrasi logam berat menunjukkan adanya hubungan dengan suseptibilitas, dengan koefisien korelasi 0,50 untuk Pb, 0,31 untuk Cu, 0,12 untuk Cd dan 0,17 untuk Zn. Hal ini memberi harapan bahwa suseptibilitas magnetik dapat digunakan sebagai indikator penyebaran logam berat pada tanah lapisan atas akibat polusi kendaraan bermotor.
Kata kunci: suseptibilitas magnetik, logam berat, tanah lapisan atas.
ABSTRACT
The heavy metal content and magnetic susceptibility and their relations to top soil in three road sides around Teluk Bayur harbor, Padang have been investigated. The samples were taken on December 2013 at Jalan Sutan Syahrir, Jalan By Pass and Jalan Bungus. 50 g of samples were taken in the depth of 10 cm where the distance between two consecutive sample points is 0.5 km. The result shows that magnetic susceptibility of top soil range from 878.9 to 6694.2 x 10-5 m3kg-1, with the average of 3415.9 x 10-5 m3kg-1. The top soil in this research has been polluted by Pb, Cu and Cd, where their concentration is higher than natural value, that is 15.6 ppm for Pb, 20.6 ppm for Cu, 10.7 ppm for Cd, while Zn concentration of 6.8 ppm is still below its natural value. The concentration of heavy metals in top soil has the same trend with its magnetic susceptibility, with correlation coefficient is 0.5 for Pb, 0.31 for Cu, 0.12 for Cd, and 0.17 for Zn. It means that magnetic susceptibility can be used as indicator of heavy metal contamination in the top soil.
Keyword: magnetic susceptibility, heavy metal, top soil.
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