Pengaruh Modifikasi Fisika pada Komposisi, Struktur Kristal dan Sifat Katalitik Lempung Solok
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.11.4.548-555.2022Keywords:
Lempung, Modifikasi Fisika, Trasesterifikasi, Biodiesel, Metil EsterAbstract
Mineral lempung yang diperoleh dari Kabupaten Solok, Sumatera Barat, telah dimodifikasi secara fisika melalui pemanasan pada 105°C, 450°C dan 850°C. Aktivitas katalitiknya telah diuji dalam transesterifikasi minyak jelantah untuk menghasilkan metil ester asam lemak. Komposisi utama lempung ditemukan terdiri dari Si, Al dan Fe serta unsur-unsur minor lainnya seperti K, Ti, Na, Ca Mg, dan Mn (pengukuran XRF). Jenis mineral utama sampel lempung adalah kaolinite dan illite (karakterisasi XRD). Kalsinasi pada suhu 850 °C mengakibatkan penurunan fasa kaolinit yang menandakan telah terjadi transformasi parsial menjadi metakaolin (analisis XRD). Pengujian aktivitas katalitik di bawah kondisi reaksi tertentu dari semua lempung menunjukkan bahwa lempung yang dikalsinasi pada 850°C menghasilkan dua jenis senyawa biodiesel yaitu metil ester asam palmitat dan metil ester asam oleat (analisis GC-MS). Tanah liat yang dipanaskan pada suhu 110 dan 450 oC sama sekali tidak menunjukkan aktivitas katalitikReferences
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