Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Sifat Optik Graphene Oxide dari Limbah Bulu Ayam dengan Metode Liquid Phase Exfoliation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.12.2.227-233.2023Keywords:
GO, limbah bulu ayam, liquid phase exfoliation, sifat optik, surfaktanAbstract
Limbah bulu ayam broiler berpotensi untuk digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan graphene oxide (GO). GO merupakan material yang dapat diaplikasikan pada berbagai perangkat penyimpan energi, seperti superkapasitor dan baterai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis dan menganalisis sifat optik GO. Ada dua tahapan dalam pembuatan material GO. Tahap pertama adalah proses karbonisasi bulu ayam dengan variasi suhu 300 °C, 400 °C, dan 500 °C. Berdasarkan hasil karakterisasi difraksi sinar-x (XRD), suhu karbonisasi optimum untuk mendapatkan grafit bulu ayam adalah 400 °C. Grafit ini kemudian digunakan sebagai bahan utama untuk sintesis GO. Tahap kedua adalah sintesis GO menggunakan metode liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) dengan memvariasikan volume surfaktan linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) yaitu 0,76 ml, 0,96 ml, dan 1,16 ml. Hasil karakterisasi XRD menunjukkan bahwa semua sampel GO memiliki ukuran kristal yang hampir sama sekitar 26,66 nm. Dari ketiga sampel, semakin tinggi volume surfaktan maka semakin kuat dan tajam puncak difraksi XRD yang dihasilkan. Peningkatan volume surfaktan menyebabkan penurunan nilai absorbansi sampel GO. Ikatan karbon dan oksigen telah muncul pada ketiga variasi volume surfaktan sehingga dapat disimpulkan sintesis material GO berhasil dilakukan.References
Abbasi, A., Xu, Y., Abouzari-Lotf, E., Etesami, M., Khezri, R., Risse, S., Kardjilov, N., Van Tran, K., Jia, H., Somwangthanaroj, A., Manke, I., Lu, Y., & Kheawhom, S. 2022, ‘Phosphonated graphene oxide-modified polyacrylamide hydrogel electrolytes for solid-state zinc-ion batteries’, Electrochimica Acta, vol. 435, p. 141365.
Amiri, A., Naraghi, M., Ahmadi, G., Soleymaniha, M., & Shanbedi, M. 2018, ‘A review on liquid-phase exfoliation for scalable production of pure graphene, wrinkled, crumpled and functionalized graphene and challenges’, FlatChem, vol. 8, pp. 40–71.
Bai, M., Chen, Z., Zhang, K., Yuan, K., Hong, B., & Lai, Y. 2022, ‘Designable ultra-stable electrode surface engineering by the electrophoretic deposition of modified graphene oxide for rechargeable batteries’, Applied Surface Science, vol. 605, p. 154704.
Bete, Y.I., Bukit, M., Johannes, A.Z., & Pingak, R.K. 2019, ‘Kajian Awal Sifat Optik Graphene Oxide Berbahan Dasar Arang Tongkol Jagung yang Disintesis dengan Metode Liquid Phase Exfoliation (LPE)’, Jurnal Fisika : Fisika Sains & Aplikasinya, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 114–120.
Bi, H., Luo, Y., Zhao, C., Ma, L. & Huang, H. 2023, ‘Graphene oxide suspension-based electrolyte promotes the cycling performance of aqueous sodium-ion batteries through the interaction between metal ions, free water molecules and functional groups’, Journal of Power Sources, vol. 555, p. 232380.
Cao, Y., Fan, D., Lin, S., Mu, L., Ng, F.T.T., & Pan, Q. 2020, ‘Phase change materials based on comb-like polynorbornenes and octadecylamine-functionalized graphene oxide nanosheets for thermal energy storage’, Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 389, p. 124318.
Cheng, W., Wang, X., Huang, J., Wang, Y., Yin, L., Li, J., Kong, X., & Feng, Q. 2022, ‘Electrochemical study of reduced graphene oxide@Zn2Ti3O8 nanocomposites as a superior anode for Li-ion battery’, Chemical Engineering Science, vol. 260, p. 117872.
Cheong, C.W., Lee, Y.S., Ahmad, S.A., Ooi, P.T., & Phang, L.Y. 2018, ‘Chicken Feather Valorization by Thermal Alkaline Pretreatment Followed by Enzymatic Hydrolysis for Protein-Rich Hydrolysate Production’, Waste Management, vol. 79, pp. 658–666.
Chi, B., Yao, Y., Cui, S., & Jin, X. 2021, ‘Preparation of graphene oxide coated tetradecanol/expanded graphite composite phase change material for thermal energy storage’, Materials Letters, vol. 282, p. 128666.
Dachriyanus 2017, Analisis Struktur Senyawa Organik Secara Spektroskopi, Lembaga Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi & Komunikasi (LPTIK), Universitas Andalas.
Dwandaru, W.S.B., Fathia, A., & Wisnuwjaya, R.I. 2018, ‘Study on the Synthesis of GO-AgNP Mixture Assisted by AgNP Based on UV-Vis, SEM-EDX, XRD, and FTIR’, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1097, p. 012011.
Maulana, F. & Dwandaru W.S.B. 2019, ‘Pengaruh Lama Waktu Lucutan Listrik terhadap Nanomaterial rGO Berbahan Dasar Kertas Buram Bekas yang Disintesis Menggunakan Liquid Phase Exfoliation dengan Penambahan Asam Basa Kuat’, Skripsi, UNY, retrieved from <http://eprints.uny.ac.id/62475/>.
Gayatri, A.S. & Tjahjono, A. 2022, ‘Pengaruh Temperatur Pembakaran dan Volume Surfaktan pada Proses Sintesis Graphene Oxide (GO) dari Limbah Tulang Ayam Broiler’, Jurnal Teras Fisika, vol. 5, no. 1, p. 260.
Hastuti, E., Fefiyanti, F., & Muthmainnah, M. 2022, ‘Pengaruh Konsentrasi HCl Pada Proses Exfoliasi Graphene Oxide/Reduce Graphene Oxide (GO/rGO) Dari Karbon Bulu Ayam’, Indonesian Journal Of Applied Physics, vol. 12, no. 2, p. 168.
Hayati, R. 2015, ‘Sintesis Nanopartikel Silika dari Pasir Pantai Purus Padang Sumatera Barat dengan Metode Kopresipitasi’, , vol. 4, no. 3, p. 6.
Hu, B., Wang, K., Wu, L., Yu, S.-H., Antonietti, M., & Titirici, M-M. 2010, ‘Engineering Carbon Materials from the Hydrothermal Carbonization Process of Biomass’, Advanced Materials, vol. 22, no. 7, pp. 813–828.
Maheshwari, U., Varshney, D., Deshpande, D., & Ghodke, S. 2022, ‘Development and Utilizing Graphene Oxide for the Wastewater Treatment: An Experimental Evaluation’, Materials Today: Proceedings, p. S2214785322065798.
Agustin, M.U. 2021, ‘Pengaruh Temperatur Oksidasi terhadap Sifat Fisis dan Listrik rGO (Reduced Graphene Oxide) dari Bulu Ayam’, Skripsi, UIN Malang, retrieved from <http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/32617/1/16640005.pdf>.
Read, O., Shin, Y., Hu, C., Zarattini, M., Boyes, M., Just-Baringo, X., Panigrahi, A., Larrosa, I., & Casiraghi, C. 2022, ‘Insights into the exfoliation mechanism of pyrene-assisted liquid phase exfoliation of graphene from lateral size-thickness characterisation’, Carbon, vol. 186, pp. 550–559.
Sari, E.P. 2015, ‘Pemanfaatan Limbah Bulu Ayam sebagai Pakan Ternak Ruminansia’, Skripsi, UNS, retrieved from <http://biodiversitas.mipa.uns.ac.id/M/M0101/M010123.pdf>.
Sutayasa, L.T. ‘Karakterisasi Graphene Arang Ampas Tebu Berbasis XRD dan TEM’, UNESA Journal of Chemistry, vol. 3, p. 23–27.
Tian, J., Guo, L., Yin, X., & Wu, W. 2019, ‘The liquid-phase preparation of graphene by shear exfoliation with graphite oxide as a dispersant’, Materials Chemistry and Physics, vol. 223, pp. 1–8.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Fisika Unand
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Please find the rights and licenses in JFU (Jurnal Fisika Unand).
1. License
The non-commercial use of the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution license as currently displayed on Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
2. Authors Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by stated author(s), has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author(s).
3. User Rights
JFU's spirit is to disseminate articles published are as free as possible. Under the Creative Commons license, JFU permits users to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work for non-commercial purposes only. Users will also need to attribute authors and JFU on distributing works in the journal.
4. Rights of Authors
Authors retain the following rights:
- Copyright, and other proprietary rights relating to the article, such as patent rights,
- The right to use the substance of the article in future own works, including lectures and books,
- The right to reproduce the article for own purposes, provided the copies are not offered for sale,
- The right to self-archive the article.
5. Co-Authorship
If the article was jointly prepared by other authors, the signatory of this form warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to sign this agreement on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this agreement.
6. Termination
This agreement can be terminated by the author or JFU upon two months notice where the other party has materially breached this agreement and failed to remedy such breach within a month of being given the terminating partys notice requesting such breach to be remedied. No breach or violation of this agreement will cause this agreement or any license granted in it to terminate automatically or affect the definition of JFU.
7. Royalties
This agreement entitles the author to no royalties or other fees. To such extent as legally permissible, the author waives his or her right to collect royalties relative to the article in respect of any use of the article by JFU or its sublicensee.
8. Miscellaneous
JFU will publish the article (or have it published) in the journal if the articles editorial process is successfully completed and JFU or its sublicensee has become obligated to have the article published. JFU may conform the article to a style of punctuation, spelling, capitalization, referencing and usage that it deems appropriate. The author acknowledges that the article may be published so that it will be publicly accessible and such access will be free of charge for the readers.
