Karakteristik Sifat Fisis Tanah Daerah Potensi Longsor di Jalur Sitinjau Lauik Padang-Solok, Sumatera Barat

Panji Pajri, Arif Budiman

Abstract


Pengukuran sifat fisis tanah pada lereng yang telah terjadi longsor dan yang belum terjadi longsor di jalur Sitinjau Lauik telah diteliti dengan metode American Standard Testing and Material (ASTM). Pengamatan dilakukan pada lereng yang telah terjadi longsor (L1 dan L4) dan lereng yang belum terjadi longsor (L2 dan L3). Sampel tanah diambil pada bagian atas tengah, dan bawah dengan kedalaman 30 cm dan 75 cm. Hasil pengukuran sifat fisis tanah menunjukkan bahwa jenis tanah dari keempat lereng didominasi oleh tanah liat berpasir dan lempung. Nilai koefisien keseragaman dengan rentang 2,34−21,48, nilai koefisien gradasi dengan rentang 0,69−3,01, nilai berat spesifik dengan rentang 2,00−2,32, dan nilai kadar air jenuh tanah dengan rentang 24,95−38,60%. Potensi longsor pada lereng L1 masih tinggi yang diidentifikasi dari jenis tanah lempung yang masih berada pada medan gelincir dan kadar air yang tinggi. Lereng yang belum mengalami longsor (L2 dan L3) memiliki potensi longsor yang sangat tinggi karena jenis tanah yang mengandung lempung. Kandungan fraksi lempung yang sedikit pada lereng L4 menyebabkan potensi longsor pada lereng ini terbilang rendah. Berdasarkan jenis tanah yang mengandung lempung dan kemiringan rata-rata, lereng yang berpotensi longsor dari yang terbesar adalah lereng L3, L1, L2, dan L4.

 

Measurement of the physical properties of soil on slopes that have occurred landslides and those that have not occurred in the Sitinjau Lauik line has been investigated using the American Standard Testing and Materials (ASTM) method. Observations were made on slopes that had landslides (L1 and L4) and slopes where landslides had not occurred (L2 and L3). Soil samples were taken at the top, middle, and bottom with a depth of 30 cm and 75 cm. The results of the measurement of the physical properties of the soil show that the soil types of the four slopes are dominated by sandy loam and clay. The values of the uniformity coefficient are ranging from 2.34 to 21.48, the value of the grading coefficient are ranging from 0.69 to 3.01,weight values specifics are ranging from 2.00 to 2.32, and soil saturated water content valuesare ranging from 24.95% to 38.60%. The potential for landslides on the L1 slope is still high, which is identified from the type of clay soil that is still in a sliding field and has high water content. Slopes that have not experienced landslides (L2 and L3) have a very high potential for landslides due to the type of soil that contains clay. The small clay fraction content on the L4 slope causes the potential for landslides on this slope to be low. Based on the type of soil that contains clay and the average slope, the slopes with the largest potential for landslides are the slopes L3, L1, L2, and L4.


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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.10.2.205-211.2021

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Departemen Fisika, FMIPA Universitas Andalas

Kampus Unand Limau Manis Padang Sumatera Barat 25163

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