Analisis Pengaruh Komposisi Serat Pinang dan Serat Eceng Gondok terhadap Sifat Mekanik Komposit Hibrid Polipropilena dengan Pati Talas

Abstract

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pengaruh komposisi serat pinang dan eceng gondok terhadap sifat mekanik komposit hibrid polipropilena dengan pati talas. Komposisi serat pinang dan eceng gondok divariasikan dengan perbandingan persen volume yaitu 1,25%: 3,75%, 2,5%: 2,5%, 3,75%: 1,25% dengan panjang serat 3 mm. Sifat mekanik yang diujikan meliputi kuat tarik, regangan, modulus elastisitas, kuat impak dan uji biodegradabel. Sifat fisika yang diuji yaitu morfologi permukaan dengan menggunakan SEM. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian didapatkan nilai kuat tarik tertinggipada perbandingan 1,25%: 3,75% yaitu 14,33 MPa. Nilai kuat impak tertinggi ditemukan pada sampel dengan perbandingan 2,5%: 2,5% yaitu 0,041 J/mm². Nilai regangan tertinggi didapatkan pada perbandingan 3,75%: 1,25% sebesar 1,27%. Pada uji biodegradabel didapatkan hasil sebesar 0,021%/hari. Pada penelitian ini masih terdapat rongga dan juga pati talas dan polipropilenanya tidak tercampur sempurna karena masih ditemukan gumpalan-gumpalan pati talas. Hal ini didapatkan dari hasil analisis morfologi struktur patahan uji tarik menggunakan SEM.

A Research on the effect of areca nut and water hyacinth composition on the mechanical properties of polypropylene hybrid composites with taro starch has been conducted. The composition of areca nut and water hyacinth fiber is varied with a volume percent ratio of 1.25%: 3.75%, 2.5%: 2.5%, 3.75%: 1.25% with a fiber length of 3 mm. Mechanical properties tested include tensile strength, stretch, modulus of elasticity, impact strength and biodegradable test. Physical properties tested were surface morphology using SEM. Based on the test results obtained the highest value of tensile strength at a ratio of 1.25%: 3.75% ie 14.33 MPa. The highest impact strength value was found in samples with a ratio of 2.5%: 2.5% ie 0.041 J/mm².  The highest strain value obtained at a ratio of 3.75%: 1.25% of 1.27%. In the biodegradable test results obtained by 0.021%/days. In this researchthere were still voids, taro starch and polypropylene in the samples was not completely mixed because there were still lumps of taro starch. This was obtained from the morphological analysis of the tensile test fault structure using SEM. The impact strength value of this research meets the car dashboard standards.