TINJAUAN KEADAAN METEOROLOGI PADA BANJIR BANDANG KOTA PADANG TANGGAL 24 JULI 2012
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.4.4.%25p.2015Abstract
ABSTRAK
Keadaan meteorologi selama banjir bandang di Kota Padang tanggal 24 Juli 2012telah dianalisa. Analisa berdasarkan kepada data curah hujan yang diperoleh dari Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi dan Geofisika Sicincin (BMKG), Dinas Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Air (PSDA) Sumatera Barat, satelit Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), pergerakan awan dari Multi-functional Transport Satellite (MTSAT) dan data meteorologi dari National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) danNational Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). Penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa banjir bandang yang terjadi di Padang pada tanggal 24 Juli 2015 tidak disebabkan oleh curah hujan yang tinggi. Hujan yang terjadi hanya berkisar 13 mm/hari. Hujan ini tidak disebabkan oleh faktor global seperti Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO), El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) dan monsun. Dengan demikian, hujan ini kemungkinan disebabkan oleh sirkulasi lokal (land-sea breeze). Sebelum terjadinya banjir bandang kemungkinan telah terbentuk bendungan alami di sekitar bukit pada kawasan banjir bandang. Dengan sedikit saja tambahan air, bendungan ini menjadi longsor yang menyebabkan banjir bandang.
Kata kunci : banjir bandang Padang,land-sea breeze, Madden–Julian oscillation
Abstract
Meteorological condition during the Padang flash flood occurred on July 24, 2012 has been analyzed. The analysis was based on the rainfall data from Indonesian Agency for Meteorological, Climatological and Geophysics, West Sumatra Agency for Water Management, Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite, cloud propagation from Multi-functional Transport Satellite (MTSAT) and meteorology data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) reanalysis. It was found that the flash flood was not due to the heavy rain. The rainfall intensity during theflash flood was only about 13 mm/h. This rain was not from the global phenomena such as Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO), El Niño Southern oscillation (ENSO) and monsoon. It may be formed by the local phemomenon such as land-sea breeze. A natural dam may have been created before the flash flood and it would be easily broken when the light rain occurred.
Keywords :Padang flash flood, land-sea breeze, Madden–Julian oscillation
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